汞及(ji)其化合物(wu)屬于劇毒物(wu)質，特別(bie)是有(you)機(ji)汞化合物(wu)。天然水中含汞極(ji)少，一般不超過0.1ug/L。我國飲用水標(biao)準(zhun)限值為0.001mg/L。大多院校(xiao)以及(ji)科研單(dan)位都選用測(ce)汞儀來測(ce)量，以下就有(you)幾種(zhong)冷原子熒光測汞儀的測量(liang)方法： （1）冷原子吸收(shou)法，該方法適(shi)用于各種水體中的汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的測定，其*低檢(jian)測濃(nong)度(du)為(wei)0.1-0.5ug/L汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)（因儀器靈敏度(du)和采氣(qi)體積不同(tong)而(er)異(yi)）。 原理為(wei)：汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)原子蒸(zheng)氣(qi)對253.7nm的紫外光(guang)有選擇(ze)性吸收(shou)，在一定濃(nong)度(du)范圍內，吸收(shou)光(guang)與汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)濃(nong)度(du)成正比。水樣(yang)經消解后，將(jiang)各種形態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)轉變(bian)成二價(jia)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，再用氯化亞錫將(jiang)二價(jia)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)還(huan)原為(wei)元素汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，用載氣(qi)將(jiang)產(chan)生的汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)蒸(zheng)氣(qi)帶(dai)入(ru)測汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)儀的吸收(shou)池(chi)測定吸光(guang)度(du)，與汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)標(biao)(biao)準溶液吸光(guang)度(du)進行(xing)比較(jiao)定量。 測定要點：a、水樣(yang)預處理 b、繪制標(biao)(biao)準曲線 c、水樣(yang)的測定
（2）冷原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)(zi)熒光法(fa)(fa)，該方法(fa)(fa)是(shi)將水(shui)(shui)(shui)樣中的(de)(de)(de)汞(gong)(gong)離子(zi)(zi)還原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)態汞(gong)(gong)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)(zi)蒸氣，吸收(shou)253.7nm的(de)(de)(de)紫(zi)外光后(hou)，被激發而產(chan)生特征共(gong)振熒光，在一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)測量條(tiao)件下和較低的(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)范圍(wei)內，熒光強度(du)(du)與汞(gong)(gong)濃(nong)度(du)(du)成(cheng)正比。方法(fa)(fa)低檢出濃(nong)度(du)(du)為0.05ug/L，測定(ding)上限可達1ug/L，因干擾因素少，適用于(yu)地(di)面水(shui)(shui)(shui)、生活污水(shui)(shui)(shui)和工業廢水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)測定(ding)。
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